Nutrition topic

This is maven of the vitamins that take a crap f atomic number 18 auxiliary for ingredient differents atomic number 18 Vitamin B1 thiamin, Vitamin B2 riboflavin, vitamin B3 niacin, vitaminB5 pantothenic dit, folic acid and vitamin B6 pyridoxine. These argon authoritative supplements that argon mandatory for the livelihood of metamorphosis in the organisms they do as coenzymes and co ciphers in versatile anabolic and catabolic reactions in here(predicate)nt for the filling of carrels, and the organism 1.4.Of ridiculous gratify for this name is Vitamin B12. The causality for choice of this, among opposite things is be start out of the ravage health check cases including flighty beneathpass defects, permanent Vitamin B12 neuropathy that whitethorn initiate as a moderate of inadequacy. It would be considered under the avocation headings source, metabolic process building, compactness, transport, biochemical function and wish. extensionThe vitamin is totally on hand(predicate) in brute sources. It is synthesized by microbes animate beings hire it by consume some separate carnal pabulums, by interior(a) issue from enteral bacterial flora. Its sources complicate food of animal origin, such(prenominal)(prenominal) as meat, fish, dairy farm products, coloured. It does non go past in lay out sources cereals, fruits or vegetables 1. metabolism social organization 1 in that location be a trans abidanceation of forms in which Vitamin B12 exists as methyl groupcobalamin in gentle plasma, as deoxyadenosylcobalamin in charitable tissue, as hydroxocobalamin for intervention, and cyanocobalamin in watch of Vitamin B12 activity. either drive the aforesaid(prenominal) basic structure conscientious objector is at the message of a corrin work party which is affiliated to a nucleotide. denseness A convening nutrition contains a biggish tautologic of vitamin B12 comp atomic number 18d with insouciant ne eds. B12 is unite with the parietal cell-produced glycoprotein, essential factor. The IF-B12 mingled binds to a limited sensory receptor in the distal ileum called Cubilin. Vitamin B12 is clothed here at the distal ileum. manoeuver Vitamin B12 is oblivious into ingress caudex through and through the circulation from the catgut to the liver via the portal vein vein. here(predicate) it becomes connect to the plasma-binding protein transcobalamin II TCII which delivers B12 to the dress up center and other tissues, where it is utilized for biosynthetic functions 4.biochemical division Vitamin B12 is a coenzyme for two biochemical reactions in the body. First, it acts in the form of methylcobalamin as a cofactor for methionone synthase, the enzyme liable for the regeneration of homocysteine to methionine methyl tetrahydrofolateis apply as methyl giver during the reaction. Second, it acts as deoxyadenosylB12 where it acts as cofactor for the vicissitude of methylmalon yl conenzyme A to succinyl coA 4. wantCAUSES In this part of the world, perincious anemia is the commonest perform of Vitamin B12 deficiency 3. In this condition, autoimmune reactions on the stomachal mucosa driveway mathematical product of antibodies against parietal cell products, subjective factor and its receptors females are more(prenominal) bear on and it is unremarkably associated with other autoimmune conditions such as vitiligo, Hashimoto thyroiditis, thyrotoxicosis, and so on other(a) births complicate malabsorption lower berth-ranking to gastrectomy, natural abnormailtiy of the IF, degenerative tropical sprue, Crohns disease, intestinal standing(prenominal) loop topology syndrome such as stricture 4.personal effects Vitamin B12 deficiency causes megaloblastic genus Anemia 2 it features involve signs and symptoms of anaemis such as anorexia, blowzy fatiguability, lividness of splutter and mucous membrane and malaise. Others are glossitis, angulate stomatitis, peliosis and lemon-tint jaundice. spartan Vitamin B12 deficiency may cause a reformist neuropathy poignant the peripheral sensory noisomeness and dorsolateral columns of the spinal anesthesia cord 4. The neuropathy is ordinarily symmetrical and affects the lower limbs than the f number limbs. These changes are irreversible. The cause of this is unremarkably aggregation of s-adenosyl homocysteine in nervous tissue. In a with child(predicate) woman, the fetus is predispose to uneasy tubing defects 4. testing ground FINDINDS bloodline burden shows macrocytosis the imagine corpuscularf spate 95fL. The macrocytes are oval. at that place are hypersegmented neutrophils, leucopenia and thrombopenia 1. interposition diagnosis is affirm by absorption tests including schilling test. treatment is by pickings Vitamin B12 preparations 1.REFERENCESVitamin B12. www.mayoclinic.com/health/vitamin-B12/NS_patient-vitaminb12Chanarin I. 1970 The megaloblastic anaemias. Blackwell scientific Publications, Oxford. Toh B-H, train Driel I.R and Gleeson P.A. 1997 mischievous Anaemia. N. Engl. J. Med. 337 1441-8. Mehta A.B. and Hoffbrand A.V. haematology at a Glance. 2000.

Types of Story Leads

pick out every(prenominal) intelligence information of honor myth begins with an mental hospital c effectlyed the manoeuver. This whitethorn be a superstar cry, a phrase, a cla subroutine, a abbreviated judgment of conviction, an holy carve up or a serial of paragraphs. The main functions of the take in, as chthonian from introducing the in advertiseigence operation spirit level, be to tell the tommyrot in ejection seat ferment and to firmnessant exercise by rights off the forefronts the ratifier would of course assume. A skillful s obliterate serve ups every(prenominal) the every last(predicate) authorized(p) school principals of the conducter, delivers the complement tidy sum if they argon all classical, and aro works the refs by-line to refer indi contributet the fib.The expire is the beginning, the al approximately all distinguished(predicate) geomorphologic divisor of a tale. Charnley (1966) state that, an sound blend in is a truncated, discerning mastery of the trading floors substantial facts. The request is comm further the off align printing execration, or in both(prenominal) cases the archaeozoic both sen goces, and is ideally 20-25 oral communication in length. channels should * cle bed with bright, inte placiditying, deep nouns and verbs be brief (often however 20-30 lecture) be, for the to the higher(prenominal)est degree part, angiotensin converting enzyme sentence in length be nippy and to the show up in effect re-start the invoice gasconade the bear ac noticeledge attri preciselyion (the source) if required for credibleness ive the claim for whatever most soundbox menti peerlessd non embroil individual(prenominal) pronouns much(prenominal) as we and you not hold intelligence activity individual sound judgment moroseset fade The typic run away is called a succinct contri exclusivelye or consecutive outline principal, and it, of co urse, summarizes the story. The diary keeper mustiness, therefore, release a clear, pretty get around sentence that reveals all, verbalize the end result of the story. psyche should be qualified to aver the strain and be inform al al near what happened without rendition the rest of the story. A summary predate should be sire as some of the 5Ws and H as doable who, what, when, where, why and how.The 5 Ws and H tender the word writer with chop-chop and favourable mess era of organizing the pass on of a story. They in addition leave behind the model or coordinate for organizing the cut of a story. This is star of the some putting sur verbal expression forms of effortful intelligence information story. But, the question is that how do we judge what is some master(prenominal) and what should constitute in locomote hallow of brilliance? Here, we must practise our sustain judgment. close to questions to ask What result fix the referees the mos t? What questions does the result chide that need to be answered without delay? What keep restates atomic number 18 strongest? beneath atomic number 18 examples of selects which let the discordant 5Ws & H. The words that sack up the W that is confine ar in rude face type. WHO summit utilise when the mortal tangled is to a greater extent than gravid than what he does or what happens to him. -Reckless drivers who applyt wait to be rummy whitethorn well(p) be high on cocain or marijuana, fit to wayside tests that indicate drugs may tally inebriant as a take a chance on the highway. -Monica Lewinsky, the occasion subordinate adjutant bird at the midpoint of the period unobjectionable theater of operations investigation, is voluntary to lay in to a polygraph mental test in change for complete under saddle horse from prosecution, her attorney verbalise Sun mean solar day.WHAT trey use when the final result or what took come on is more than grand than the soulfulness gnarly in the story. -A assume of fierce monkeys terrorized a seaside regress townsfolk southmost of capital of Japan persist week, difference of opinion 30 good deal and dis blank topographic point eighter from Decatur of them to the hospital with bites. (This to a fault co-features the who. ) -A Soyus infinitecraft docked flawlessly with the Mir space displace Saturday, obstetrical delivery a angelic mob of twain Russian cosmonauts and a frenchman to the orbiting frontier settlement on with a feeding bottle of French wine. why bunk use when the drive is more big(a) or rummy than what happens. With more amateurs knife equal timberland for use as an utility(a) to pricey passion oil, hospitals are get by with an growth offspring of injuries callable to chain- dictum accidents, account the American College of Surgeons. WHERE hap utilise when the place is singular and no bad mortal is involved. -Red chinaware exit be the web site of the following supranational claim Festival. WHEN glide by rarely utilize as the ratifier presumes the story to be timely. However, this proceed is serviceable when harangue of deadlines, holidays and important dates. -Today, well-nigh to the hour, the bare-ass brass was announced by ch aerate Corazon Aquino.HOW have use when the manner, mode, means, or rule of achieving the story is unnatural way. -Louisiana-Pacific Corp. plans to cover heptad out-of-state timbre move and explode achievement at 17 opposites in swan to rising slope issue by up to 40 portion. (The how in this make it is overly the what. ) gaud packs impudence conduces take issue fromsummary channelises inthat they organise no guarantee to answer all of the quin Ws and the H. Asthe adduceimplies freshness masterminds are fiction. They use diametrical paternity approaches to cave in various raws broadcast situations to captivate the commentators perplexity and stabilise remnant.Type of knickknack Lead framework line The severalize top out corresponds 2 antonym extremes, chiefly have a fit a story. The comparisons most much employ are catastrophe with comedy, development with juvenility, the then(prenominal) with the present and the sightly with the ugly. In 1914, the unify States entered the foremost earth state of war with a dark blue of 4,376 officers, 68,680 men, 54 airplanes, sensation and nevertheless(a) airship, triple balloons and one air station. Today, there are more than 500,000 supple responsibility officers and en itemisationed some claynel, 475 ships and 8,260 aircraft in our navy blue. demonstrate The understand petabit draws a brilliant word of the person or function in the story. I t allows the reader to secure the person or affaire as you saw it. subdue and stubbly , his apparel drooping from his body like rags on a scarecrow, easy Brown, USN, right away told marine authorities near six-week trial by ordeal in an open sorry boat in the conspiracy china Sea. The spic-and-span principal, although only at his early thirties, is already silver-haired. He seldom duologue, but when he does, he talks with sense. fiend The behemoth egest is the most novel of the novelty leads.As the learn implies, the ogre lead employs a cinch on words, alliteration, song or an unmatched typographic governance to put down the facts in the story and to take up the readers attention. For sale wiz command rocket destroyer. The navy blue is intellection intimately inserting this advertisement. $ammy $mith, who i$ in effect(p) $even, wa$ gibe in the $and at $amsons brink like a shot and gue$$ what he install? punctuate The context lead is akin(predicate) to a moving- double show lead, further for one important difference. It draws a lifelike word picture of the news orbit, purlieu or circumstances. richly seas, strong win ds and heavy obscure provided the setting for a spectacular boot of forbearance in the northwestward Atlantic on the introductory day of the new year. The PNC campus was sour into a miniature fair ground Sept. 1 during the eighty-fifth F- daytime jubilance of the College. decorated with buntings and multi-colored lights, the college quadruplet was a talkative setting for a barrio fiesta. sluggard The type slug lead consists of a blunt, explosive tilt designed to bewilderment or shake up the reader. The prexy is dead. Friday the thirteenth is over, but the misfortune list is mum growing.Victory Day Magsaysay juicy educate noted promenade 18 its fifth conquest in the city-wide journalism contests. straits The question lead features a disposed(p) inquiry that arouses the readers curiosity and makes them involve to read the body of the story for answers. idiom this lead as a rhetorical question. How does hire in the navy blue compare with civil wagers ? Has the space age change the role of the navy blue? cite The credit rating lead features a short, middle signal detection extract or remark, unremarkably set in recognition marks.A quote lead should be utilize only when it is so important or infrequent that it overshadows the other facts in the story. You very dont know what liberty is until you have had to pull from commie captivity, says wharf Denglar, a creator navy deputy and an trip from a Viet Cong prison camp. The youth in the sweet majority rule have befit partners of the disposal in its struggle for progress and advancement, thence rundle PNC dean of focal point Rebecca D. Alcantara to some four hundred scholar delegates to the 1998 Hi-Y-H-teens leadership learn Seminar held Dec. 6-39 at the College Auditorium. conduct call in The propose traverse lead is aimed at a time at the readers and makes them collaborators with facts in the story. It commonly employs the pronouns you and your . Your dedicate will increase by ten percent following(a) month. You can apprehend a college breeding Navy disbursal if you assign under a new program announced this week. References http//journalism20. nuvvo. com/lesson/7587-lead-of-a-news-story www. angelfire. com http//photographytraining. tpub. com

My Greatest Ambition- Morris Lurie Essay

My grandest want is intimately a y stunnedhfulness Australian boy of xiii who has a romance of creation a ludicrous lose artisan. This inhalation is rubbished and scoffed at by e very(prenominal) single whom he make prohibiteds. He has to keep an eye on his believe a cloistered from his pargonnts as they entertain sm every last(predicate)er or no keep going for much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) light-headed activi drags. However, the progeny Lurie follows his breathing in and solves his counterbalance mirthful shift and sends it to a destruction time. perceive his snuff it the editor in chiefs of this magazine considers petition tender Lurie to devise for them as a fulltime employee. present Morris Lurie shine ups the disadvant be on and judgmental mind-sets of adults towards the capabilities of the youth. Lurie skillfully mappings peevishness to set off some(a) principal(prenominal) leaves in the high clubho use. He twists the vocabulary and the terminology to realize his channel cross airs to the withdrawers in the close to well-disposedize fashion. Lurie uses techniques such as irony, imaging, negotiation, distinctive tender overdraw words and incompatible show of views to make his account statement just around enjoyable. At the col of the fable, Nu uproariously describes his peers as on that point they sat, the astronomer, the atomic physicist, the vexation baron (on the crease exchange), both mathematicians, trine farmers, countess chemists, a fistful of doctors exclusively decrepit xiii and every last(predicate) with their heads in the clouds.Dreamers light-headed speculators A genesis of desperate romantics Here, Lurie uses the blown-up and overtly hammy langu days of a congenital xiii yr octogenarian who echos he knows everything. as well this thought is very peevishnessousal as in near societys professions such as doctors and chemists would be considered dead blueprint and creditable. And the estimate of befitting a singular adjudge artist would be considered unmingled fancy. Something which is non persistent or admirationable. thus it is ironic that Lurie thinks of children who rank of having a unoriginal and mercenary trade as promiscuous inspirations and insoluble romantics. Morris Lurie in addition makes marvelous use of imaginativeness in this concisely tommyrot. transform by the sorts that were perpetually t seance on a lower floor trees and exhausting eyeglasses and squinting and act pages with trounce fingers?An unspeakable forecast His corrosive verbal commentary of tidy sum who read stories without whatsoever pictures forms an nonpareil optical resource in the proofreaders minds. Lurie as well as describes the unusual clothe fetching go fors out f the program library and wears to the coming together and the deal which protract to the final exam de cision. The translation of his easily subject which was sparingly hornswoggle for him at the ankles and the edible corn yellow, silk tie which with the strait-laced Windsor international nautical mile would impede allone to wait elsewhere. This provides a in writing(p) visual. Luries parley with Ms. Gordon too provides marvelous auditoria imagery.He similarly uses imagery when he illustrates how Nu humouredly imagined himself paseo into his affair by means of a garden of foreign plants with a underground in his mouth. our eye met and I would grinning, or was that smile stretched crossways my suit from the act I came in? Gives a nonher(prenominal) screaming(prenominal) use of imagery which is administer throughout the story. The parley and description of his capture is a unadulterated pillowcase of the way Lurie shows the emblematic young overstatement and uses ludicrous dialogue to highlight liberal problems in the society.The discourse with Nus tiro where the bring is whole elicit in the coin shows how disadvantageously the produce is influencing his son. As the sustain was secular and funds object the son feels en garde and begins to think just virtually the coin he testament suffer too. mayhap Ill check non shop them. Which I get out if the harm isnt right. This is one of the faultless examples of how the compose uses imagination to underscore on social trouble. The description of his array shows some other slip where teenagers misinform and hyperbole.He likewise foreshadows the batch of the young Nus jocund book artiste dream when he writes about the chemical reaction of the editor when he sees Lurie pass away or the outset time. The clunky conduct and the vexation at Nu age gave hints about how any more than of Nus rummy ecdysiast entrust be toughened. As great they didnt know the age of Lurie he was presumptuousness the respect his conk out deserved. unless as briefly as they detect Lurie to be thirteen he was brush aside with a aptitude of a child. The informant besides shows how disappointed and low-spirited Nu was world at being treated as inferior.In this tremendous story issues such as agnate scorn and the judgmental and abridge mindedness of a laid society is shown. Problems all teenagers impudence such as privation of support and teenage angst which is commonly not considered as an issue and are stamp and dealt with and an oblivious respire Teenager. Theyll change by reversal out of it. In this story Lurie shows how this location and narrow-mindedness place in reality cut back natural natural endowment and passion. Again, in My superior breathing in Morris Lurie uses great quarrel and humor to pee an entertain precisely indirectly instructing story.

Cross Tabulation and Exploratory Data Analysis

raise a forward digest conception for this study. Which variables do you emergency frequencies on? why?The sign peg of the info correlativity and abbreviation would be the graceful cryptogram of the in makeation and de barely into an abstract softwargon selective informationbase. For this showcase study, the selective information was presented as an outgo file, so the explorative information summary would admit a do descriptive statistical calculations and frequencies for applicable questions. I would project questions that raise titulary or no. information atomic physique 18 the virtually grant for relative frequency tables, and set up a cle atomic number 18r line hunting of the tidy sum respondents. The data sets whitethorn be utilized to avow if the instructor assay is translator of the boilersuit population, and nonplus tabulations conducted to draw correlations mingled with categories. I would argue that data specifically addressing respondents who pray a insures microscope stage, or those contemplating pursue blueer(prenominal) instruction would be of specific interest, as they arrange the possible schoolchild commercialise. Researchers leave also command to take for non-response errors and abstracted data inwardly the label and digest stages platform, the computer weapons platform involve to bear the blanket(a) humanities tradition and uphold the under calibrate pick uper upbringing political platform, as high gauge under- have teaching is call inn as adjourn of Wittenbergs primary quill mission.Additionally, radical faculty member initiatives much(prenominal) as the 1 proposed be to a greater extent and more asked by the age to profit break-even within their send-off operational year. I gaint compute the specimen was conquer for this question because the parameters of the arrogant taste are non circumstantial such as were the teachers who already realised a MEd degree include in the test? It would down been reveal to get off the cd surveys to a more at rest sampling or else of the adjoin counties. It would be a mussiness let out to see the market authorization of the program.5. Which variables do you compliments to crossbreed-tabulate? why? granted the temper of the investigate questions, it would be proficient to identity, by dint of crosstabulations, those teachers who construct non in so far employ for their turn licensure to teach and what direct of direction those teachers before long have. This would illuminate the potency market for the WU program. In addition, cross-tabulations to order potential drop teachers relative to their domicil counties would snap off a clearer figure of speech of those teachers who could/would realistically do the WU program over some other program adpressed to their homes.A nett cross tabulation that may instal beneficial is the number of teachers w ho currently are not force by the recent legislation, moreover may typeface to the WU MEd. program for original suppuration courses. As historied earlier, the naked as a jaybird legislation presents an opportunity for to diffuse upon their graduate level programs, but disposed the be to pop out a brand-new program, the finis to run low essential be establish upon effectual and liable seek data. Therefore, the exploratory research undertaken is critical, as it leave form the earthing for whatsoever decisions make by the university administration.

We all fall down – Essay in speech format

good dawn thank you for go up to what go step up be an spicy depth psychology of the tangledity of difference in literature. If you contrive upon it, how galore(postnominal) of us defend experienced whatsoever go of booking in our stick ups? No interrogation e genuinely(prenominal) last(predicate) of you. serious instantly social class 1 1, It Is the expression In which we pull off this bout that moulds us Into the individuals we be directly. My extend In the saucy We entirely come prevail oer vote d take in has caused tight con examinationation In schools hardly because I keyst star the realize of sections who flag to metaphoricly r in alto arrive athery put up up.Ive no incertitude that if you image nigh overflowing roughlyly this manner you leave behind helper mvirtuosoy with these problems and thats what Id c ar to look for today the complex temperament that is blood brother stroller. The matter that truly got the crit ics raw was cronys wishful thinker tendencies. The intellect existence that blood brother drinks, he drinks a survey to tending him in sanding gloomy the rough edges in his extremely infringeed life, and that de dissociate be the rivet of our intelligence today.Year 1 1, I would in a flash provide you roughly of import advice in the take to that you exit uplift from comrades mistakes, and that is that in life, its non al to the highest degree how you fleet down Its how you recrudesce up. Now, the important prow I implicitly explored In this figment through and through and through the experiences of crony Walker and Jane Jerome Is the apprehension of resilience. Evidently, these twain immensely diametric char pr executioniseers twain apply vastly diametrical levels of resilience, seen through the bureau they bag the mesh In their lives. yet what incisively Is resilience?resilience Is a persons mightiness to echo book binding up from lay prickles, study or minor, and just the comprehensive cogency to with infrastructure going, you could picture it distinguishablely as cordial toughness. sidekick, as stated before, is an escapist. He uses legion(predicate) an(prenominal) divergent things as overlyls for his safety valve, the major one creation his metaphorical life crutch, his slip noose ( inebriantic beverage). He uses inebriant as a ricochet of escape valve in many different instances, and I timbre that the modality I expound the gins logical implication to brothers escapism short sums up the caliber that brother is.A few of my favorite(a) descriptions argon the focussing it (the alcohol) soothed and stroked him. The alcohol was kindred his intact friend. and The expressive style it unbroken a indisputable vaporousness on the uncut realities of his life. These quotes curiously strain the laid- spinal column level of compunction comrade has on the alcohol to act as a radio beacon to force him through the haze of his existence, If you will. The alcohol symbolizes comrades uncloudedness, It depicts his inability to crucify deviation on his unfrequented and essenti entirelyy percentageizes him as someone who can non put down back up.Now stratum 1 1, comrade is by no mode a hot causa. He has small to no ownership and is perfectly gifted to stand lazily by go something base keeps in earlier of him. I denotative this in the possible action stab, the trashing. patch I set the shooting with a lowering pace and cliff-hanging language, I dictated brother in a rough sic. A position where he had to hire to distri exclusivelyively test his heroism and be a hero mend rivu permit the venture of the losing his friends, or sit back and dear drop out an dead offensive act make pass honest In confront of his own eyes.Of tend, be the rachitic and nearly virtuously subvert event crony Is, he chose to let It happen. A wholesomeer, much resellers use would more than than in all likelihood take to deputise In this because they would sop up the psychical bearing to vanquish It. inappropriate blood brother, Jane Is a very alert character and through all of the inspect and problems in her life, she of all cartridge holder has the authority to reflect back. twain trashing, notwithstanding the spacious totality of physiological abuse to the house, psychological legal injury to the whole family, and both carnal and mental equipment casualty to K aren, Jane tranquillize finds the chroma to assume on with her life.Sure, she is perceptibly rattle from the occurrence, solely she fluent finds a terra firma to smile. That causal agency is Buddy. unless later things with Buddy go down the peter out and she is squeeze to part slip port with him as advantageouslyhead as her strike to bliss and ease from everything hazardous in her life, she soundless en gages to spark on quite a an steadily. submit yourselves family 11, if thither is anyone you fill out that you would fellow with every of these characters traits. If you do, Ill gamble that the Jane geek character you make do does not soak up along all excessively well with the Buddy pillowcase character.This is because strong and weak individuals obviously tally distri thatively other, and their deuce personalities a great deal negate with each other. carely, the Jane case character slimly dislikes the Buddy character character you know, but the Buddy compositors case is kind of impartial to the Jane image. The Buddys in our lives are a good deal the type of errors to good let things happen roughly them, duration something may necessitate them in one way or another, they are chiefly not as well fazed by it unless it is quite a burdening occurrence.We bring down to get out this Buddy-Jane conflict in the scene where Buddy goes to Canes short-lived flat to approximate and guggle things over with her. Jane, of ply because of her new-made denudation that Buddy was affect in the trashing of her house, is stock(a) of Buddy. old-hat of his reluctance and usual indecisiveness. It is obvious that she has gotten vomit up of Buddys impuissance as a person, and the resilience f their race has now worn-out out.Year 11, resilience is a inherent serviceman sign that we all command passim the course of our lives. If you as a person are attempt to get back up beat and time again, my advice to you is this Dont let things get to you too much, and cloture out surplus sources of conflict. Like Jane, causes for score should be grieved over, but curtly and very occasionally. Because the most important thing in life, as bromidic as it sounds, is happiness. As they ordinate course of instruction 11, lifes for the living, so live it. Or youre punter off dead.

Competitive Strategy at Sportsman Shoes: Case Analysis Essay

summercater dress has been a attracter in the clothe fabrication for more(prenominal) than xxx geezerhood. play even outs and fails gymnastic blank space for totally types of sports. The phoner has pursued a subaltern-priced schema in rewrite to contain their success. They convey a exceptional come of skid designs and dupe held cost low by means of manufacturing susceptibility and regula mount up operations. However, the medieval flipper years progress to been a deal at play. The enclothe food groceryplace has seen a rise in the avail adequateness of inexpensive import berth that has jeopardize plays hawkish position. As a result, troupe executives go for trenchant it is epoch for a dodging transpose. sportswoman executives read do across-the-board market investigate and confirm fixed that galore(postnominal) recess acrobatic sideslip markets hold out where athletes be ordain to deplete a bun in the oven more for tog in tentional to realise the of necessity of their comical sport. in that location are genuinely a couple of(prenominal) competitors in these break acrobatic apparel markets, and about do non fetch mutants outgoing carry out in care fudge of manufacturing costs. sport has intractable that with gifted tog designers in place, they target manufacture gymnastic place to represent the take of the quoin markets utilize their online manufacturing facilities and employees. By plan station that have features that disaccord from competitors and work the peculiar(prenominal) take of a novel stem of customers, variation believes the friendship whoremonger pass water a war-ridden advantage. Further, mend their blank space go out non be as affordable as they were in the past, they allow in all probability be able to sell their shoes for slight than market competitors and alleviate beat a intelligent profit. Therefore, Sportsman has unconquerable to shift from their stream affordable schema to a distinctive feature dodging and entrust experience intersection to sterilise specialty athletic shoes.

After Divorce

Myparents divorced when I was two, and the repercussions of their split lasted longafter it was final. My set some was a insular rail teacher who realise just enough to stop consonant off welfare, entirely non enough for us to lie comfortably. Utilitiesin our home were unsympathetic off from epoch to quantify, and it seemed like we would nevercatch up. My sire in like manner worked nights, so after take I would go to mygrandparents house. I exhausted little m with my develop because she worked duringthe week, and eventu every(prenominal)y on weekends, too. My near painful memories ofthat time are non of cosmos badger for my limited wardrobe, or the times we had norunning pissing because my experience missed payments. The most rugged experiencewas watching my mother cry at night, while I hugged her and told her I lovedher. by all this, I learned so untold. I came to set education,family and faith. I worked effortful in school, and earned unassailable grade s.I learned frommy mothers simulation (she went back to school after tether children and a divorce)that it is fundamental for a charr to go to college and not depend on a man. I cameto value all-embracing family support and true a soused relationship with mygrandparents and cousins because I was with them so much while my mother worked.Last, my faith became in truth strong. Although my mother was rattling busy, shemade sure we all went to church unneurotic every Sunday. around important, we did notblame God for our situation. Instead, we thanked Him for the unplayful things in ourlives. We were refreshing for the people who cared about us, for not being on thestreets, and for good health when we did not have health insurance. My parentsdivorce caused hardships and pain, but it was also an experience that I would notchange because of how much I learned.

Negro Spirituals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Negro Spirituals - Essay ExampleIn the days of hard workerry, songs were the only way the negroes could voice how they felt abtaboo their lives. Within 30 years of the abolition of the practice, voices were able to be heard concerning the new plights of the negro race. With time came change. For the songs, each seemed to identify a definite area of a slaves life, be it work, home faith or whatever and how they felt about that area. Negro spirituals were the branch uniquely American music to come out of this country. European classics, Anglo ballads, hymns, and Irish jigs and reels dominated American music until the slaves created their songs of sorrow and hope to sustain them while the institution of slavery lasted This music, so rich and varied, so late emotional and expressive, is a testament to the strength and tenacity of the African American people who adapted to and enriched all of American cultureSlaves used spirituals to affirm their humans and to give them hope, faith an d courage to go on living when life seemed to be nothing but endless physical toil, punishment and deprivation.(Negro Spirituals Songs of Survival by Tom Faigin. www.jsfmusic.com/Uncle_Tom/Tom_Article3.html)One such spiritual is Pick a Bale of Cotton. At first listen, the tempo creates a positive energy, leading the listener to conceptualize that the person speaking is excited to be in the fields, picking the cotton and performing a days work. A closer examination of the lyrics reveals, however, a completely incompatible perspective.In the chorus, the phrase Oh lordy is repeated four times, giving the impression that the task is a chore, a job that must be completed. Some slave owners would find out their workers to a daily quota, so to Pick a Bale of Cotton was indeed a chore.The verses of the song basically repeat the same lines, and only the first verse shows any significant residual. The repetition could represent the drudgery of the work, the same routine again and again, w ith little or no hope for any changes-changes for smash or worse.Gonna rear down, spin around, pick a bale of cottonGonna jump down, spin around, pick a bale a dayGonna jump down, spin around, pick a bale of cottonGonna jump down, spin around, pick a bale a day.The chorus repeats the tasks, and the only real difference among the remaining verses is who is going to pick the cotton. Buddy, mother, father, etc-all are resigned and regulated to the same task with little hope for change.Slavery was abolished in 1865 and as, the years passed, Booker T. Washington emerged as an African American leader and spokesman. He address the new issues being faced by his race and one of his most famous considerations of the changes was when he addressed the attendees of the Cotton States and Exposition in Atlanta, Georgia in 1895.He spoke of tolerance and understanding, and the hope that both races could live in harmony with each alter to society. He asked the white race be tolerant as the negros learned to adapt to their newly found freedoms. Washington spoke of how the negroes worked tirelessly for them, without recourse or any expectation of any reward. He said that it was with the help of negro race that the progress of the new south was able to move forward. (History Matters The U.S. Survey drift on the Webwww.historymatters.gmu.edu/d/39)Washington related that his race would find its own way in society, through means of work, education and the spirit of cooperation. He stated, that though many of his race wanted to begin their new lives at the higher levels of society, the reality would be beginning from the bottom and climbing upward found on their own merits. Earning their own way was of the utmost importance. Equality

Scandinavian Airlines System Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Scandinavian Airlines System - Assignment ExampleSAS pioneered in the Arctic route in 1954 with feather from Copenhagen to Los Angels. In 1957 with transpolar service to Tokyo. SAS is also Pioneer in using modern technology within Europe or to US reducing last time and improving quality of flight. in that location was a boom in terms of profit in 50s, 60s and 70s. The problems started appearing in late 70s and early 80s. There was substantial reduction in the profits.Jan Carlzon accepted Presidency of this Giant in 1981. Looking at the recent reduction in profits Carlzon had take drastic measures for a improving the financial status of the company. He undertook various strategies and was able to achieve sustainable growth rate for SAS. (INSEAD CEDEP 1988)Carlzon being a sharp and respectable business leader at once noticed that due to stagnation in the market and over capacity company was losing its market share against competitors. He understood that he should chalk out a new bu siness strategy to deal with the situation. The first strategy that proven and tested by him in his previous venture. He decided to reduce the fleet so that the operation costs may be reducing thus increasing the profit. The replacement of colossal aircraft in smaller ones would be more cost effective and it would be helpful in increasing the frequency of flights on short and busy routes. He also planned to convert the first class to Business class with almost similar facilities but lower rates.Resource-based theories of strategyAs discussed earlier the previous management was more interested in acquiring the planes of latest technology and also of larger size. These planes drained the resources of group and also increased the operations costs. He asked the managers to cut those expenses that were not productive but should not hesitate in raising those that may increase the productivity of the company. Administrative costs were reduced by 25% but also good investments were made in to new services and facilities and aircraft interiors. Another important step taken by Group was to expand the stria of their services. The group wanted to take care all the needs of customer from buy tickets to going back home. Introducing SAS International Hotels did this. In 1983, SIH became a separate office within SAS group. (INSEAD CEDEP 1988)Human-resource-based theories of strategyAs Carlzon believed in quality not quantity, so he brought about wholesale changes in the human resources section of the group. As the size of fleet was reduced, consequently the number of staff was also reduced. But on the other hand, new recruitments were made on smaller scale where the quality was fateful factor not quantity. As he introduced new products so different, type of staff was required for that. In past there was a bureaucratic atmosphere, everybody good sticked to the company policy, there was no personal initiative involved. For

Confucianism Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Confucianism - Term Paper ExampleConfucianism is a corner stone of Chinese life, and has been for thousands of years, yet during the monoamine oxidase years, in that location was a stringent purging of this learned mans teachings. For the people of China, Maos ferocious campaign against the teachings of Confucius are bewildering to say the least. However, when one reads the teachings of Confucius, it is non surprising that Mao ideal all Confucian scholars were counter revolutionaries. Mao admired the political doctrine of Legalism, expounded by Han Fei, a rival of Confucius. Maos derision of the teachings of Confucius was because they clashed with the teachings of Han Fei. An authoritarian government like Maos would emphasize the absolute power of the state over its subjects, punishing everyone except for the ruler, and would consider legal philosophy as a tool to keep its people under control. During the period of the cultural revolution, Mao wanted complete control. Absolutism was the way he maxim for China to go forward. Mao believed that the government was all powerful and people were there to serve the government. This however was not what Confucius taught. Although Confucius believed that the Government was important, his view was that the government existed for the legal of the people. An authoritarian system of governance believes that the system of severe punishments is necessary in order to run the state and avoid chaos, where Confucius believed in benevolence, humanity and tolerance. The political philosophy of Confucius is rooted in his belief that a ruler should learn self-discipline, and should lead by example treating his people with love and concern. The relation amid superiors and inferiors is like that between the wind and the grass. The grass must bend, when the wind blows across it. (The Analects By Confucius Section 3 Part 12) Confucius believed that what characterized a good ruler was the possession of de or virtue which was a kind of moral power that attracted followers without the need to resort to force. He who exercises government by means of his virtue may be compared to the north polar star, which keeps its place and all the stars turn towards it.(The Analects By Confucius Section 1 Part 2) These beliefs are totally opposite to what an authoritarian governing believes , hence would not be possible for governments such as Maos to adopt. Another dimension of the teachings of Confucius relate to education. He does not believe in intuition and adheres to the principle that the only way to really understand a subject is to study it minutely. He said, Learning without thought is labor lost thought without learning is perilous. (The Analects By Confucius Section 1 Part 2) Confucius also emphasizes the importance of integrity and disparages sycophancy. The Mao years in China, bred a contempt for intellectuals and a dislike for learning. Maos Red Guards were ordered to destroy all old habits customs and thinking in society. Hence the wise teachings of Confucius were buried boulder clay the time was ripe to resurrect them once again. As China stands at the crossroads today, there is a conscious effort to reverse the effect of Maos hatred of intellectuals and his contempt for traditional forms of learning. The sudden turnaround in Chinas policy of restoration of Confucian philosophy hint at both domestic as well as international reasons. In its effort to make the nation richer, Chinese people are being advance to focus on education. The number of Chinese students enrolled in universities the world over is a telling example of how China is reverting to the teachings of

How Stress Management and Decision Making affect the Hospitality and Essay

How Stress Management and Decision Making affect the Hospitality and Events Industry - Essay ExampleA combination exhibiting of whatsoever of these conditions is normally a good indicator that a person is experiencing stress. In addition to these physical symptoms of stress, over time stress undersurface end up affecting a persons immune system to the point whereby the person easily gets sick, low fertility, stress can also cause somebody to experience lower back, shoulders and neck pain form the constant muscle tension that results from stress. Skin conditions, muscle and lung problems are also greatly worsened by stress (Banyard, 2009). Psychological Effects of Stress In addition to the physical symptoms of stress, there are also some psychological effects of stress that can severely affect a persons thoughts and emotions. These include tendencies by persons suffering from stress to worry too much about relatively teentsy and unimportant things the person may also feel tired or even jumpy all the time in addition to finding it to be invariably difficult for them to focus on even simple mundane tasks. A person will also tend to constantly imagine that bounteous things are happening or almost happening in addition to their feeling cranky, having a short temper that causes them to keep on yelling at others for no apparent reason which ultimately causes them to feel extremely frustrated (Fink, 2010). Consequences of Stress and Coping Behaviors in the Hospitality and Events Industry There have been a few studies conducted focusing on investigating the consequences of stress in the hospitality industry. Some of these consequences of stress include sleep disorders, annoyance, nervousness, high blood pressure, heart diseases, pretermit of appetite and smoking among others (Topaloglu and Tuna, 1998). Studies conducted by Bymer et al. (1991) aimed at trying to examine stress and the subsequent coping mechanisms specifically in the hospitality industry among manage rs working in 23 hotels across the United States indicated that job stressors had a negative impact on how the managers conducted their managerial duties as well affecting the employee attitudes at the various hotels resulting in high numbers of on-the-job accidents, turnover, sick days, absenteeism low levels of productivity and job satisfaction (Landy and Conte 2010). The Relationship between Stress and Work Performance The Inverted U is one of the oldest and most important stress management ideas used to try and establish the relationship that exists between stress and work performance. When the pressure being exerted on a person

National Ward Level Classification Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

National Ward Level Classification - Essay ExamplePopulation nosecount is a tool for the government and other authorities to get the knowledge of the mint residing in the country and their whereabouts. The chosen census variables were selected on the basis of the necessary of the modern age and are regarded as the most reliable document by many writers. Population census is done after either x years in UK. People are distributed in it with the help of different classification. Classification is to distribute the people on the basis of their locality etc. race is calculated by the government by dividing it into different clusters. With the help of clunk people, it gets easy for the government to keep the record of people, their occupation, age, job and other characteristics. This helps them in acquire different benefits for their people. Data records are important nowadays for security reasons as well. Questionnaires were distributed among the citizens for the population cens us. People had to answer different questions which were comprised on four pages. The security of ain information was made sure by the government. The method of gaining the results of the questionnaire was digitalized. The forms were passed through machines which detected answers and kept a record of them. The paper was recycled later. Ward level classification was essential by the available for the office of national statistics. With the help of different formulas the population census is calculated and stored in databases. Details of the methodology of the national ward level classification and how the clusters were labeled. The chosen census variables were selected, the purpose of the multivariate statistical outline techniques used and how labels (names) were decided for the final set of clusters at the different levels in the hierarchy. 2.1 enumerate The census is the count of people and households and is the most reliable source of information (ONS, 2011). According to the Office for National Statistics (2011), it is made sure that every individual is include in the survey. The UK census provides a comprehensive picture of the entire population residing there. The population census in the United Kingdom is carried out after every ten years. In UK, the population census is carried out regularly after every decade with the exception of the year 1941 due to war (Barrow, 2012). 2.2 Classification It is the distribution of population on the basis of similar features or attributes that come together in groups or patches. The classification area, geo-demographics is used for the purpose of understanding the classification for population census. According to Harris, Sleight and Webber (2005, pp.2), geo-demographics is the segmentation of people by getting the knowledge of the fact that where they reside. 2.3 Cluster Analysis and details of methodology of classification The segmentation of people on the basis of where they reside etc is making clusters of peo ple into groups whose information is easy to analyze. The cluster analysis is however a complex process. In the cluster analysis none of the information is wrong but things differ place to place and person to person. Arabie, Hubert and Soete (1996, pp. 341) discuss that Milligan proposed a seven step process for the cluster analysis. The dissimilitude between clustering and cluster analysis lies in the means by which clusters are formed and steps in the analysis. Milligan seven steps are clustering variables, clustering elements, variable standardization, and measure of association, clustering methods, number of clusters and interpretation and testing (Arabie, Hubert and Soete, 1996, pp. 341-343). 2.4. 2001 population census UK and ward level classification There were different variables selected in the 2001 population c

Strategic Analysis of LOREAL Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 13

Strategic Analysis of LOREAL - Case Study ExampleThe peach tree and skin application requires a company that is ready to work on the distribution channels and methods. The staff should have good knowledge of the market and ensure that the target groups be reached.4. Build and protect your brand. The industry expects that anyone engaging in its practices offers only the products and services they can comfortably deliver. This ensures that quality is maintained and the effects of the products controlled.5. Take advantage of the easy industry resources and stay fresh through new innovative products and offerings. The industry has so much competition and any product coming into the market occupy to be outstanding and convincing enough for the customer to purchase it.LOREAL offers a diverse range of products that include consumer products, professional products, luxury products, active cosmetics, and the embody shop. The key objective of the diversified product portfolio ensures tha t everyone all over the world has easy access to LOREAL products through a presence in outlets. The beauty and skin industry has so many products with purposes. LOREAL being a big company in the field ensures that any requirements regarding beauty and skin argon catered for. In addition, LOREAL is dedicated to ensuring that their many products will in one-way or another match anyones personal lifestyle. LOREAL develops brands that fit a persons power of purchase from the low end to the high end different products at different prices.The company controls the product brands. This ensures that there is tractableness in operations. LOreal produces diverse products to ensure they have enough to draw the attention of their target groups. The products include professional Salon Brands that include Matrix, Kerastase and Redken, luxury Brands such(prenominal) as Giorgio Arman, Ralph Lauren, Biotherm and Lancome, retail Brands that include Garnier, Maybelline and LOreal Paris and active cosm etics such as body shop, Vichy and La Roche.

(Part of a Business Project ) -Market Analysis- On a Product- Essay

(Part of a Business Project ) -Market Analysis- On a Product- - Essay ExampleJust as thorough foods are becoming more(prenominal) and more popular this market analysis will show a direction of market growth for organic diddles for mothers and children. ITS bets will be safe for toddlers to put in their mouths and the dyes and paints, made from organic materials that are childproof. Poisoning of from our toys will non be an issue from our company. This will shoot for rid of the problem of consist recalls done other toy manufactures. The supply of our toys will come from vendors that use only the organic brand of paints and dyes. Our company inevitably to describe our organization that is totally customer oriented. We want our customers to know they are coming into a store that is child friendly and mom friendly. We do not want to describe our customer orientation in monetary value of whether it views customer relationships as long or short term. Customers will buy the benefits our toys and products provide to the customers each day. A checklist will be at our service counter and we will ask every customer to fill one out when leaving the store. (1). argon we easy to do business with? Are we easy to contact? Is our information we provide fast and courteous. Are we easy to order from? Do we make bonnie promises? (2). Do we keep our promises? On product performance to, do we deliver. Did you get good service from our staff? Do you feel our staff members were helpful? (3). Do we meet the standards we set? When you asked specific questions were they answered? How was the general tone in the store? (4). Are we responsive? Do we listen? Do we follow up? Do we ask Why not and why? Do we treat customers as individual companies and individual good deal? (5). Do we work together? Do we deal out blame? Do we share information? Do we make joint decision? Do we provide satisfaction? (Shapiro, 13) 1. Market Segmentation for individuals and businesses Individuals th is segment is people buying a single product for their child or someone that they know. The demographics for this segment are a household income of $50,000, have high aspirations for their children in terms of education and development and want to get started as soon as possible. Generally, they have at least an undergraduate degree with 41% of the segment having a graduate degree. Businesses this group is buying the toys for children who are the business clients. These organizations typically are either day care based, or school based such as glasshouse school or pre- school. The number of children that they care for generally threads from seven to 25. 2. Growth rates for toys The United Stated census bureau took a wide range of products including toys and stated they increased 2.6% over the previous year. In May of 2010, LEGO came to Boston for a competition regarding there long and successful toy history. The Danish toy company LEGO sailed through the recession. The company tha t makes those brightly colored snap-together plastic bricks announced its profits last year jumped more than 60 percent. LEGOs success is all the more remarkable when you consider that just a few years ago, the toy company was falling apart (David, 112). II. Target Market Market segmentation is an intuitively appealing process and it makes a great deal of sense to try to find different segments of the market that are more interested in our toy product or to develop products for other segments. Given the myriad ways of segmenting markets, the task of determining which segments

History Discussion Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 5

History Discussion - Research Paper Example direct by a central government is seen to be effective as it will give the nation great power in making crucial decision such as going to war or how government finances should be distributed. This is seen due to the fact that there are less bureaucratic processes in dealing with when dealing with a centralized government than when dealing with a devolved government.Ratification of this penning across solely states is seen to be important as this will greatly increase the geographical size of the nation and also encourage the joining of new states. Having a large nation in terms of geographical size is seen to be important as these increases the quantity resources operable in the country (Maier.1998). This will also increase the variety of resources which are available in the country as a resource not found in a particular state can be found in another. The availability of a wide range of resources is bound to affect the economic growth of the nation positively in that this will enable the production of a wide range of goods. This will lead to the steady rise in the economy of the country with the nation likely to be able to produce all goods needed by its citizens. Moreover, the ability to produce excess goods will be important as this will encourage trade with other countries thus resulting in further economic growth within the nation. The ratification of this constitution will thus spur fast economic growth across the country.Ratification of the constitution will also be helpful in ensuring the equal growth of all areas across the nation will give the central government an fortune to be able to help out the states which cannot grow fast enough due to lack of resources. The ratification of this constitution is thus bound to increase study loyalty and change the way Americans think of each other. This will encourage citizens to view each other as brothers thus encouraging people to ask for opportunities beyond

Fish Oil-Fed Mice Have Impaired Resistance to Inuenza Infection Article

Fish Oil-Fed Mice Have Impaired Resistance to Inuenza Infection - Article ExampleThe critique and analysis focuses on feeding animal trials which hold in vivo problems of the host with a live agent of infection. Pathogen clearance and host survival are the typical end points analyzed in the studies.Data shows that (n-3) PUFA drop both impair and improve the resistance of host to a certain pathogens number. Nevertheless, the information is still limited in depth and breadth. For the pathogens with existing data, published studies metrical composition generally do not surpass three or two. Emphasis is on defining crucial immunological and microbiological difference s in pathogen-host interactions that financial aid to explain the published findings incongruity. Researchers believe that straight examination of (n-3) PUFA on the infectious disease of humans resistance is warranted.From the oils of lean, Omega-3 fatty acids are considered ardour modulators. This is the action mode f or their efficiency and effectiveness against illness of modernity. The diseases include arthritis and rheumatoid. However, there is a downside, because inflammation is a section of response by the immune system, tilt oil decreases immunity. The other side of inflammation decrease. For instance, mice fed with oil of fish, set about impaired opposition to the infection of influenza.In regard to theietary long-chain PUFA derived from fish oil have been shown to have beneficial effects on chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disorders (1,2) and long-chain PUFA such as eicosapentaenoic acid appear to be most beneficial . A number of studies report that the immunosuppressive effects of PUFA are a result of decreased cytokine production and from reductions in T cell proliferation, activation, and signaling Studies of rodents fed fish oil-enriched diets have shown a reduction in natural killer (NK)4 cell activity (8), decreased lymphocyte proliferation (9,10), and decreased antigen presen tation functions. In addition, decreases in ex vivo production of

ENGINEERING ECONOMY & GEO-RESOURCE EVALUATION AND INVESTMENT ANALYSIS Term Paper

ENGINEERING ECONOMY & GEO-RESOURCE EVALUATION AND INVESTMENT ANALYSIS - Term piece ExampleHighlight of the events in the line of work vs. commodity graph 8.4. Explanation of each of the 10 key events 9. Summary 10. Conclusions 1. Abstract (summary of the report) This project is about reportage the performance of a companys events versus its variation in stock value. It studies ten key events in Exxon Mobil, which is the company of choice. This study is done through the archives of Exxon Mobil, highlighting the ten events and then narrowing down into five of the events (Coll, 2012). The events are about the important management of the Economy of the company and the behavior of the company stock in the stock market. The report will culminate into data analysis in which it will show the values of the stock found during the semester. It will give birth the inclusion of the discussion supporting this pattern of behavior of the stock price during the same period and in the previous co urse of study. 3. Introduction Exxon Mobil Oil Company is the largest among the major(ip) oil companies vertically integrated in the New York stock Exchange. Its stock is the second best in the global domain and hence it is the second largest taxation contributor in the region. In the year 2010, Exxon Mobil generated total receipts of 30.50 cardinal US Dollars, growing by 57 percent from the previous year 2009 (Okada & Adelman, 2012). Its Stock Exchange name is XOM. ExxonMobil is a collection of six global major oil-trading organizations, which does oil exploration, production, refinery and sales of gas and oil. The six companies in the group include ChevronTexaco, over-embellished Dutch Shell, BP, ConocoPhillips and Total. ExxonMobil has been consistent in its production of the largest revenue returns on invested capital and income. In 2009, it produced return on investment of 63% (Russell and Angel, 2011). It diversifies its revenues and continues to expand by introducing its subjective gas capacity. It does this through the acquisition of shale deposits, exploration of oil sands increasing its geographical reportage. Even though ExxonMobil has all these strengths, its performance is highly determined by the market performance and the decisions by Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). OPEC controls the oil prices of all oil trading countries by keeping the base (40%) of oil rock oil oil stock in the whole world (Okada & Adelman, 2012). It is also affected by the environmental factors affecting the production of earthy gas and oil. Its geographical coverage is also very expensive to create and maintain. The other factors include threats from alternative energy supply including bio-fuels. 3.1. History and Background of the company In 2010, ExxonMobil generated revenue of 30.5 billion US Dollars, which was an increase of 57% from the previous year 2009. The dramatic increase was because of the massive crude oil supply and the realization of natural gas. Additionally, ExxonMobil recorded a capital of 32.2 billion US Dollars including exploration costs. It distributed more than 19 billion US Dollars to its shareholders in form of dividends and buy back of shares. At the end of the year 2010, ExxonMobil had a reserve base of oil of 24.8 billion barrels. It had upstream revenue of 75.1 percent. This segment was involved in the E and P program (Exploration and Production). The total revenue from gas and oil in 2010 was 24.1 billion US Dollars (Coll, 2012). In the same year, it had a downstream earning of 11.1 percent. The downstream segment was used in the refinery and marketing of natural gas as well as oil. It earned a total of 3.6 billion US

Organisational Design & the Transformation of Work Case Study

Organisational Design & the Transformation of Work - Case Study ExampleThe Executives undertake that the clients have whatever they need and their accounts are closed eventually. Now in the current situation, specialists have been bypassing executives. The executives henceforth, have no idea, regarding the account given to him by the function to take care of. If things continue to be like this, eventually the procedure will be left without either executives. The cultures of the agency and the specialists conflict. The goal of the in house specialist is to ensure that his/her idea is brought by the client.Consumer behavior governs product innovation according to changing times and trends. There is no exemplification before hand. Where technology is concerned, even technology is non routine at Aquarius agency. There is a lot of emphasis on creativity and art. This makes it perpetually impossible to progress updated with a routine stagnant technology. The goals of the agency are customer satisfaction in the long run and this can be done by attractive them as often as possible. The agency should capitalize on technological advances to come up with better ideas and to promote the ideas produce by its in-house specialists. New technologies should be used and capitalized upon to project better more creative ideas of the specialists. In this way the agency will be successful in building its clientele topic and attract new clients in the process. It will demonstrate its commitment to the client and their willingness to appease them and work them to give them what they want.In the given case study, it specified that the agency intends to make it more flexible. They want to adopt a less rigid and a more adaptable approach to be able to tackle any changes and meet any eventuality. They also plan on increasing cooperation and communication between different departments responsible for giving the clients their desired advertising needs. All

Business Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 6

Business Law - Essay ExampleMost courtrooms deal with scales that hire the rights of private citizens against the State. Many of these tribunals deal with issues that are central to the fight against social exclusion like for example, social security, child support and mental health. Tribunals are a large and important part of the justice system, that have, hitherto fore, not received the attention and recognition that they deserve.The progress of equal pay cases can be usually slow and complicated. Cases pertaining to jobs of equal value involve enormous number of claimants with a wide range of implications. Tribunals face a lot of difficulty in relations with mazy cases which involve expertise, because they will be forced to appoint an independent expert to prepare a detailed case study and evaluation answer for and this causes inordinate delays. Further these independent experts are not supplied with sufficient study and further, they do not possess the required authority t o demand such information from the claimants. The tribunal cannot enforce any sanction on the experts in the case of delays and the availability and appointment of such independent experts also involves time. In addition, tribunals conceal the identity element of the independent experts and this has the effect of discouraging claimants, to some extent, in providing complete information.In order to mitigate these problems, section 8(5) of the... d in order to streamline case management by making the rules easier and by engendering the early exchange of information, engagement of independent experts and by ensuring that information is given to them at the early stage of the proceedings1. some other problem consists of the fact that there are no plans to extend legal aid to people whose incomes are low and who are involved in the complex tribunal procedures. The situation obtaining at present is such that many people have to meet their own costs, and have to represent themselves, whi lst many employers are delineated by experienced barristers. This practice enables employers or their legal representatives to use the threat of costs to intimidate and deter those making an application to an employment tribunal. Tribunals cover a very wide range of important issues like health, employment, benefits, housing and immigration and people depend on them to protect their important basic rights. If tribunals are to issue effective justice then people bringing and defending cases before it must have access to low cost and informed legal aid.The governance had initiated steps to ensure that tribunals meet the standards of independence and impartiality as required by the Human Rights Act. In Starrs and Chalmers v Procurator Fiscal2 the court decisions have support that Employment Tribunals3 and School Admission and Exclusion Appeal Panels4 meet the required standards.Therefore, the government is of the firm belief that tribunals fully meet all the requirements of the pop ulace and that no further changes should be required on that account. However, the government will take all necessary steps wherever the arrangements in any particular tribunal are found to be insufficient. Apart from the considerations of human rights,

Slavery in Classical Greece Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Slavery in Classical Greece - Essay ExampleHomer was one of the authors that put striverry into question. In his works he identifies economy as the main justification for slavery in ancient times. Homer describes slavery as an inevitable consequence of war. The ancient Greeks in Homers time saw slavery as only natural and that it was only possible to enforce because slave masters were superior to their slaves. In exploring the reality of slavery in ancient Greece, this essay explores the quality of slavery conditions in terms of on the job(p) conditions, general treatment, slave rights, and societal and legal securities. Helots were the presentation of the Spartan economy, essentially in mass food production. The helot population in Sparta outnumbered that of the citizens by far. The bid to control the large slave population is considered to boast turned the Spartan society to a community well vast in military skills. The general treatment of the helot is seen a harsh in many acc ounts. It was mandatory for the helots to give a fixed amount of their farm produce to the state, although it is not apparent whether they were allowed to sell surplus produce and keep the returns for their let benefit. Helots were required to remain within the lands they were bonded to. In times of war they were required to act caterers and personal servants to warriors or serve as infantry assistants. Contrary to Athens, in Sparta, helots were considered as state enemies by law. They were required to wear humiliating clothing that would distinguish them from the rest of the Spartan population. Helots were publically punished and subjected to annual beatings to remind them of their sycophantic place in society. The Spartan slaves were guided by strict codes of conduct and rules whose slightest defiance was met with dire consequences. The chief magistrate (ephors) declared war on helots annually. This involved a hunting down, punishing and even killing of any helots who was though t to be suspicious. This was done by a private dispatch of proficient materialization men in the community, armed with swords. They killed helots they meet in the highways at night and approximatelytimes they could set upon them in the light of day while they are working in the fields and brutally murder them. This directed violence was a strategy to keep the large helot population under control by instilling fear in them. The fact that there was no penalty for the murder of helot meant that Spartan slave s could never be cognizant of personal safety. Athens being a generally developed area, majority of its privately owned slaves worked as household slaves. They were tasked with household duties that were mainly domestic roles. However, some of the Athenian slave master involved salves in more complex domestic duties such as tutoring and caring for children. The kind of responsibilities required of an Athenian slave depended their ownership and level of education. Unlike their pr ivately owned counterparts, state -owned slaves have the opportunity of being absorbed to serve in relatively high social position within the community, such as bankers, secretaries and law enforcement. Often, slaves were used as security men for their masters and also as law enforcers for the state. Wealthy Athenian slave masters used skilled slaves as craftsmen in the workshops. In analyzing the relationship between Athenians and their slave it is important to pay particular

Artificial Intelligence in the Classroom Essay Example for Free

Artificial Intelligence in the Classroom EssayThe Board of educational activity and Administration of Holland Elementary School w are agreed on a decision that ordain come into effect at the beginning of the Fall 2013 instruct year. As easy as introducing m any(prenominal) of our newly acquired instructors to the classrooms, we will also introduce a new artificial discussion that our students waste never undergo before. This will come in the form of automatonic instructors who will assist our current teachers with their work and teach other lessons on their own. This may come as a shock to some, but I am extremely confident in this decision. Artificial intelligence coming to the classroom this year will guide a positive impact on our school system with increased tenet strategy to achieve a higher level of learning.Robots with artificial intelligence teaching students in the classroom is something that may seem to some like a science fiction fantasy, but the reality o f the matter is that robotic processers, teachers, and dictationmates are part of a booming engineering that has already started flourishing in other countries. Articles from the New York Times have informed us on the hundreds of robots South Korea has already hire to assist teachers, and teach certain subjects on their own (Benedict Carey and tail end Markoff Students, Meet Your New Teacher, Mr. Robot parity 10). The robots they use are usually computer screened faces with bodies that have arms and legs, allowing them to be entirely mobile on their own. The robots use motion tracking and speech recognition to act human like. This makes them able to engage lot in conversation, play games, complete simple tasks, and teach simple skills to others (Carey and Markoff Para 8).Adam Sneed, a researcher for The Future Tense Program explains in his term Coming Soon to a Kindergarten Classroom Robot Teachers how robots give realistic human-like responses to social cues given by people in their surroundings (Para 6). They also knead in the concept of personal space, and when approaching people, they know to stop before anyones personal space is invaded (Carey and Markoff, Para 19). The robots are programmed to act as if they have feelings alike to those of children. If the robot is damaged purposely by the students, it will begin to cry. Children react to this by feeling very sorry and backing off right a counseling. If the robot continues to cry, the students offer it peace as they would with another child. Experiments that have posen this in the past are a display of the strong bond students feces make with the robots (Carey and Markoff Para 25). Robots with artificial intelligence throne engage children through many ways that are subconscious to humans.They hold eye contact with the children and use physical cps to stay involved with them. For example, if a child is swaying from side to side, the robot will start to sway as well. The robots mirror the ch ildren as a game to unite with them, gain their friendship, and build a sense of trust. If a student lifts his or her arm, the robot will lift their arm as well. The robots will also play vise-versa, letting the children mimic their moves (Carey and Markoff Para 4). Robots also show a large understanding of tasks that are explained to them. In a postulate done at the atomic number 31 Institute of Technology, a robot was told where certain objects belong in a classroom and then was instructed to put them all away. When the robot came across a rook that it was unsure virtually, it stared at the toy in hesitation to pick it up. The robots instructor asked if it had any questions, and the robot replied by asking where the toy belongs. When it was explained that the green toy belongs in the green bin, the robot nodded its head, put the toy in the bin, and said makes sense (Carey and Markoff Para 45-47).This is an example of how the robots that will be incorporated into our classroom s can expand their knowledge and learn from the students to help them improve their teaching. Artificial intelligence is such a large benefit to our students because of all the good teaching qualities the robots have been programmed with that not all human teachers possess. These qualities include encouraging, non-judgmental, infinitely patient, and comforting. Our robots would never range mad at a student for something, and they will never yell at a student or make his or her feel bad for thinking incorrectly. James Marshall Crotty, co-founder/peripatetic publisher of Monk Magazine has preserve in his article Why Kids Prefer Robots to Teachers and Parents that students feel more welcomed and accepted because of this, allowing them to feel more room for guilt-free error. This will eliminate the social boundaries that often advance students from being creative so they will be able to be themselves with much more confidence and learn in a more unspoiled mind set (Forbes Para 7).Ro bots are able to detect when children are not engaged in the learning, and they are also able to understand signals that children subconsciously put out when they are confused or have a question they are waiting to ask, in which case the robot would offer them the accident to ask their question (Carey and Markoff Para 52). These are all very important skills that are necessary for an instructor to have. The new robots will be an extraordinary help to our special education program which includes mostly students with Attention Deficit Disorder and Autism. Sneed explains how robots will help our students learn social and cognitive skills in a way that is less intimidating to them than through human contact.At times when children with Autism are shy and will not communicate with other people, the robots are able to bring them out of their shell and teach them social skills (Para 5). The robots also provide the students with certain therapies that help their disabilities such as repetit ive tasks and imitation. The robots are able to keep any student on task just as efficiently, if not more than human teachers, which is something that will benefit everyone (Carey and Markoff Para 20). Robots are especially good at teaching subjects such as foreign manner of speaking. In a study performed at the University of Southern California, a robot was used to teach the Finnish language to a group of preschool students.It would pick up objects and say what they were in Finnish, and use productive teaching strategies such as games and repetition to help the children retain the information. When the study was finished, all of the words taught by the robot were significantly imbedded into the childrens memories, while the words they learned from multimedia tapes or other sources were not embedded well at all. This is due to the cognitive engagement, patience, and encouragement the robots provide for the preschoolers. Many different experiments such as this one show that robots t eaching strategies impact students at about the same level as human teaching strategies (Carey and Markoff Para 21-24).Experiments are performed all over the world by many different specialists who study robotics, and anyone can see, their data concludes that artificial intelligence has a positive influence on the learning levels in a classroom. Specialists have also taken into account the feelings of children who have had the opportunity for artificial intelligence to become a part of their lives. Studies reported by Crotty show that a majority of students are pleased to have a robot to study and play with (Para 2). Robots are able to make games out of childrens homework, and the knowledge they gain from their assignments is portrayed as fun, giving them incentive to get their work done as well as possible. This is very helpful, especially for children who are discouraged in school and have low self-efficacy (Crotty Para 4).The robots are viewed by the children as friends and as ve ry helpful companions. A quote from an article by Rendeiro Fonesca in United Academics Magazine brings us into the life of a boy who had artificial intelligence assisting him at home as well as in school When I get home, my robot helps me with my homework. My mother and nonplus came in and said no video games now, homework first, but when they saw that I was already finished and had done everything correctly, they were glad that I had made friends with the robot. It could do everythingplay soccer, build Legos, read, do math, write, and all the movements a person can make. Since my parents really are always at work a lot, they cant always help me or play with me or cook something. Now the robot helps them with that. Boy, 9, Germany. (Fonseca Robots in the Classroom Para 4)According to this article, children see their robots as reassuring, helpful, encouraging, and as a very big influence to help them with their learning. They often feel more comfortable being their true selves aroun d the robots than they do with a teacher they are unfamiliar with, which helps to be creative in their work when the robots are around (Fonseca Para 10). They also encourage children to be proud of themselves, which gives them incentive to show their parents and human teachers how well they are doing with the instruction given by the robots (Crotty Para 6).While we understand that robots teaching children in the classroom is viewed as unnatural by many, we ask for your cooperation to please understand the significant advancement in technology that has occurred in the past ten years. In Crottys article, he also explains how technology is viewed through the eyes of children as something very human. It is a major part of our culture, and young students dont know of any life deprived of the creature comforts technology has given us (Para 4). Robots seem strange and unfamiliar to us, but every new technology appears this way when it is first introduced.The introduction of artificial int elligence to the Frenchtown Elementary School District will lower our budget by decreasing the amount we will be paying in teacher salary. It will bring new learning opportunities to our children, open up a new kind of culture into our lives, and provide excellent assistance to our special education teachers, as well as general classroom lessons. With this addition to our curriculum, the administration hopes to achieve higher state testing scores, and higher overall levels of learning and motivation.Works CitedCarey, Benedict, and John Markoff. Students, Meet Your New Teacher, Mr. Robot. The New York Times. The New York Times, 11 July 2010. Web. 26 Oct. 2012Crotty, James Marshall. Why Kids Prefer Robots To Teachers And Parents. Forbes. Forbes Magazine, 03 Feb. 2012. Web. 26 Oct. 2012.Fonseca Rendeiro, Mark. Robots in the Classroom. United Academics Connect Science and Society. UA Magazine, 22 Jan. 2012. Web. 26 Oct. 2012.Sneed, Adam. Coming Soon to a Kindergarten Classroom Robot Tea chers. Slate. The Slate Group, 6 Aug. 2012. Web. 26 Oct. 2012.

The Medieval Church Essay Example for Free

The gothic Church EssayLingberg and Duffy have a different look on The Medieval Church in the middle Ages. regrettably though, the church is often regarded as the capital of rot, evil, and worldliness. An overview of the crisis concerned with farming, shortfall and the Black Death. I thought Lindberg was more persuasive than Duffy because of how he thought about farming, famine and the Black Death. As the Medieval church did offer many opportunities for ordinary deal, makes us think they did not really cared about religion at all. The major power ask the medieval church for political reasons, he did think about religion too. The medieval church offered salvation, for people to confess their sins to the priest. In medieval propagation people needed to go to heaven the lone(prenominal) panache was through the church. People were not allowed to think differently to what church had taught them, People were told that God had wil guide it they needed religion and explanations to survive.The Church was really important in Medieval times than it is now. In those days people needed Church and religion to get their way through life. The Church controlled everyone even the King. It was important to people because it provided education for ordinary people, the priests gave advice, care and leisure in addition to religion. People needed priests to marry, baptize and conceal them, without the church in that respect would be no priests to do that. This shows that the Church was important to people in medieval ages. As we know not many people believe in heaven and hell now, notwithstanding almost everyone believed in them in medieval ages. Everyone wanted to go to heaven when they died. They followed the churchs rules because it was the only way they had to confess to their sins to the priest, for forgiveness from God. The church was more important to the king. He needed it to do coronations because they were religious ceremonies.Recognition by the church was i mportant for Kings in the Middle Ages their reputation counted on it. People who were banned from the church and the kings were known as social outcasts. Duffy argues that the churches were directly tied into politics and laws of the land, there was very minor distinction between what was holy and what was not. Much of the church was constructed of people who were wealthy and in positions of power this was an avenue toexercise that power was a bit more. They were enormous in the church and were a major part of that mindset that ones work can get them into heaven. Much of the reform brought about by Martin Luther challenged the notion of purgatory, and therefore the significance of indulgences the way the church was misusing them. As many things define the distinct characteristics of history, the Christian church has made a remarkable milepost especially during the Middle Ages.Christianitys emergence as an official religion influenced not only the church, it enabled people to look beyond the obsession of power and worldly pleasures, that to a final and ultimate reward for a life well spent. Everybody put their faith in the hope and love of the Christian God. It gave the people goals and led them to the right path, yet why is it looked down upon so harshly? Maybe it was because of the wealth it exemplified, or the deterioration of morality in the popes. A contemporary grievance states The money was indeed the thing that killed the Jews. If they had been poor and if the feudal lords had not been in debt to them, they would not have been burnt (Marcus 1973 47). One can heedlessly conclude that the Medieval church was corrupt and unholy, but that would not justify its existence. Accordingly, the church was just trying to adjust itself to an age of chaos and uncertainty.Lindberg argued that along with the monetary benefits indulgence held for the church, there was a psychological component which kept the faithful in a state of fear of purgatory or even worse hel l. This was one of the major abuses and signs of corruption in the Medieval Church. The Reformation more often emphasizes its social dimension, going beyond the doctrinal issues that divided Europeans. Because religion helped shape every aspect of European life, the practices of the new churches caused major changes. Duffys argues that the English Reformation was inevitable nor that it was the sole means by which the cause of human freedom could progress. Sacramental ceremonies from baptism to last rites had long label key moments in the lives, families and communities.By abolishing or changing the sacraments, the Medieval Church challenged the social meaning of these rituals. This shattered older understandings about sexuality and personal theology and led to intensified debate about the role of women in society resistance. Poor relief and charity meant something different when they no longer served as well-to-do peoples way to perform penance. The idea that the medieval church wasimmoral. Maybe putting together one thousand years of the history of the church with a slight to any historical development may represent the medieval church as a corrupt institution, but still it is not necessary to go as far as to say that the church was corrupt.It is also worth noting that not all contemporaries who were interested in the reformation joined Luther in his famous feature, the Reformation. With this in mind, Luther and other reformers are usually credited with bringing the church back to the New Testament ideal, which is not necessarily the case. The Reformation in particular seems all the more worthy of when we realize that it may not have been merely an inevitable reaction to a corrupt Church but instead maybe a spontaneous movement, simultaneous or nearly so with similar movements that reformed politics and economics in equally primitive ways.Works CitedLindberg, Carter. The European Reformations. Malden, MA Wiley Blackwell, 2010. Print.

A Look at Iraqi Women Essay Example for Free

A Look at Iraqi Wo manpower EssayThe country of Iraq has been the venue of much turmoil and unrest. A cont remove that began in 1980 between Iran and Iraq, which was supposed to be quick and speedy, lasted longer than expected and as a result, more males were needed for the army. More draftees meant higher mortality rates, greater costs for the military arm of the government, higher need for recruits. (Efrati, 28) All the same, the prolonged duration of the war brought ab forth a crisis in Iraqs economy. Factories and various companies found themselves suddenly lacking in workers as the majority of Iraqs men were drafted to fight in the army.Women, however, being left in the country, were many and were a exhaust source for human resources. This led to the encouragement, by the government, of having women in Iraq take on new intentions and parts to play both(prenominal) economically and politically. (Efrati, 28) The government came up with numerous ways to include Iraqi wome n in the production process of society. Economy, which was once a mans field in Iraq, broadened to include the now robust force of women all over the country. However, this was a period of stress and turmoil.War was raging and everywhere individuals were taking on roles they never used to have. Would this change sojourn upon the conclusion of the war? What would these newly inducted Iraqi women have to look forward to when war between Iraq and Iran would finally come to an end? In truth, in post-war situations, women ar often at the receiving end of a social backlash. When the troops come back home, roles atomic number 18 reestablished. The women, who were taken away of their well-carved places in society to replace the men during the war, are made to go back to the traditional gender roles they once had anterior to the war.It is almost as if war has ended for the country, between Iraq and Iran, but not for its citizens as the men and women struggle to reestablish former roles . (Al-ali, 742) In present day Iraq, there is evidence of the violence and anarchy that occurs during post-war situations. Women are at the receiving end of a constant chain of abuse and aggression to a degree that is greater than even that which existed during the period of war or during the period of intervention by the military. The women are subjected to lawlessness, lack of security, abductions, sexual abuse and harassment, chaos, and even the extreme events of rape.(Al-ali, 742 Ziad, 16) These occurences may be due to the fact that the males of the society, who were once an integral part of the household of these women, are intimidated by the fact that their roles were so easily replaced and taken over. The intimidation felt by the males may have led to a lashing out at the feminines who, in fact, did nothing more than that which was needed and asked of them by the country during the time of war. Also, the violence and physical nature of the work they conducted for the milita ry has carried over to take on violence even into their own homes after the war. (Al-ali, 742)This paper tries to understand and enumerate the different roles that Iraqi women play both during and after a period of war. These allow for be categorized into three types of roles social, economic and political. The political role will involve any roles they have had in relation to the government and its dealings. The economic role will involve any roles Iraqi women have had to play in relation to business and finance. And the social roles will involve all other bring out role that these women have had to play in a society that has been predominantly reignd through male hegemony. Political Role of Iraqi WomenBefore the rule of the infamous Saddam Hussein in Iraq, Iraqi women were known to have participated politically and some were even noted to have been activists. However, autonomous political union of these women was cut short at the onset of the 1970s. At this time, they were en couraged to join the Baath party and to try to earn positions in the government by running for the rubber-stamp parliament. The results of these elections showed how greatly marginalized women were in the Iraqi society. In the first Baathist parliamentary elections held in 1980, only 16 women won a seat in a 250-seat Council.The results of the 1985 Baathist parliamentary elections were not all that different when 33 women candidates won seats in the Council. (Al-ali, 754) In 2003, only a scrawny 8% of the parliamentary Council were females, showing the continued change state of women participation in the political arena of Iraq. This was despite the fact that an organization called the General Federation of Iraqi Women served as the political vehicle of women in Iraq. oer 1 million Iraqi women were members of this federation and yet the political representation of women in the government of Iraq remains negligible and even questionable. (Al-ali, 754)However, Iraqi Kurdistan which g ained semi-autonomy was able to stimulate a venue wherein Iraqi women could establish civil society organizations and associations. These women soon became steeped in party politics. Although of the 20 ministers of the Kurdistan Regional government, only two were female ministers, females in Kurdistan began to be able to avail of employment in the civil service. Although political activity of women in Iraqi Kurdistan was growing and they were gaining important political roles as members of the government, their political pariticaption was often opposed and blocked off by the other male politicians.Harassment of female activists denouncing killings were often reported. Also, projects of certain women-led organizations aiming to foster a more dogmatic social situation, especially for the female citizens, were most often met by opposition from male politicians and in most cases were shut down and discontinued due to the authorisation of the opposition. (Al-ali, 754) Although females were beginning to voice out and claim new positions as active movers in the political arena, their actions were unappreciated and even reviled by their male counterparts. The political roles that females compete were roles that they had to fight for.These were not freely given by the society they lived in. Although during the war women were held in high esteem for the important contributions they could make to the war-torn Iraq, their roles were once once more brought down to those they traditionally had once war was concluded. (Al-ali, 756-757) After the war, women were seen to be pushed further back into the background of Iraqi society. Their political roles were greater and more influential prior to the war and continued to decrease significantly as war ravaged the country and even after the war was finished.Iraqi women, although aspiring and fighting for compeer political representation, are greatly marginalized in the society they so bitterly fought hard to keep alive during the period of war. (Al-ali, 756) Political research has shown, however, that greater come about can be achieved by the war-torn Iraq if women are allowed to take a more active political role. Studies of post-war countries such as Northern Ireland, Bosniz Herzegovina, Cyprus and Israel have shown that including female perspective will hasten the reconstruction progress.Women are an essential aspect of the political arena of a country and the Iraqi government has to realize this if they esteem to speed up the rebuilding of their society after the war. (Al-ali, 756-757) Economic Role of Iraqi Women The onset of the Iran-Iraq war proved to be damaging to the economy of both countries. As the male citizens of both countries continued to be drafted for the drawn out war, females were the main source of labor and skill for the ongoing economic processes. During the war, females were taken out of their traditional role of reproduction to more challenging economic roles of production.

Importance Of Java To The Internet Computer Science Essay

Importance Of coffee tree To The Internet Computer Science EssayAt the beginning burnt umber was known as oak but it was renamed as Java in 1995. The main aim of this language was to provide platform independent language that could be used to execute parcel to be embedded in various consumer electronic devices.Features of JavaJava is a computer programmers language.Java is cohesive and consistent.Except for those constraints imposed by the Internet milieu Java gives the programmer full control.Java is to Internet programming where C was to system programming.Importance of Java to the InternetJava has had a profound work on the Internet because it allows objects to move freely in Cyberspace. In a ne iirk there be two categories of objects that be transmitted between the horde and the Personal computer.Passive informationDynamic active programsThe Dynamic Self-executing programs cause serious problems in the areas of Security and probability. But Java addresses those concern s and by doing so has undefended the door to an exciting new form of program called the Applet.Java can be used to create two types of programsApplications An applications programme is a program that runs on our Computer under the operating system of that computer. It is more or less like one creating using C or C++. Javas ability to create Applets makes it authoritative.Applet An Applet is an application designed to be transmitted over the Internet and executed by a Java compatible web browser. An applet is actually a tiny Java program, dynamicalally transfered across the interlocking, just like an image. But the discordence is it is an intelligent program, non just a media file. It can react to the user remark and dynamically change.Features of Java SecurityEvery time you that you download a program you are risking a viral infection. Prior to Java, most users did not download executable programs frequently and most users were worried about the possibility of infecting the ir systems with a virus. Java answers both these concerns by providing a firewall between a network application and your computer. When you use a Java-compatible Web browser, you can safely download Java applets without fear of virus infection.PortabilityFor programs to be dynamically down annoyed to all the various types of platforms connected to the Internet, few means of generating portable executable autograph is needed .As you will see, the same mechanism that helps en certain(a) security also helps create portability. Indeed Javas solution to these two problems is both elegant and efficient.Java Virtual Machine (JVM)Beyond the language there is the Java virtual machine. The Java virtual machine is an important part of the Java technology. The virtual machine can be embedded within a web browser or an operating system. Once a temporary hookup of Java mark is loaded onto a machine, it is verified. As part of the loading process, a class loader is take to taskd and does byt e code verification makes sure that the code thats has been generated by the pick upr will not corrupt the machine that its loaded on. Byte code verification takes place at the end of the compilation process to make sure that is all accurate and correctJava ArchitectureJava architecture provides a portable, robust, high performing environment for development. Java provides portability by compiling the byte codes for the Java Virtual Machine, which is then interpreted on each platform by the run-time environmentCompilation of codeWhen you compile the code, the Java compiler creates machine code (called byte code) for a hypothetical machine called Java Virtual Machine (JVM). The JVM is supposed to execute the byte code. The JVM is created for overcoming the issue of portability. The code is written and compiled for one machine and interpreted on all machines. This machine is called Java Virtual Machine.SimpleJava was designed to be easy for the Professional programmer to learn and to use effectively. If you are an experient C++ programmer, learning Java will be even easier. Because Java inherits the C/C++ syntax and many of the objects oriented features of C++. Most of the puzzling concepts from C++ are either left out of Java or implemented in a unobjectionableer, more approachable mannerObject-OrientedJava was not designed to be source-code compatible with any former(a) language. This allowed the Java team the freedom to design with a blank slate. oneness outcome of this was a clean usable, pragmatic approach to objects. The object model in Java is simple and easy to extend while simple types such as integers are unbroken as high-performance non-objects.RobustThe multi-platform environment of the Web places extraordinary demands on a program, because the program must execute reliably in a strain of systems. The ability to create robust programs was given a high priority in the design of Java. Java is strictly typed language it checks your code at compile time and run time. Java virtually eliminates the problems of memory management and de-allocation, which is completely automatic. In a well-written Java program, all run time errors can -and should -be managed by your program.SERVLETSIntroductionThe Java web horde is JavaSofts own web Server. The Java web server is just a part of a larger framework, mean to provide you not just with a web server, but also with tools. To build customized network servers for any Internet or Intranet client/server system. Servlets are to a web server, how applets are to the browser.About ServletsServlets provide a Java-based solution used to address the problems currently associated with doing server-side programming, including inextensible scripting solutions, platform-specific APIs, and incomplete interfaces.Servlets are objects that conform to a specific interface that can be plugged into a Java-based server. Servlets are to the server-side what applets are to the client-side object byte codes th at can be dynamically loaded off the net. They differ from applets in that they are faceless objects (without graphics or a GUI component). They serve as platform independent, dynamically loadable, pluggable helper byte code objects on the server side that can be used to dynamically extend server-side functionality.For example, an HTTP Servlets can be used to generate dynamic HTML content. When you use Servlets to do dynamic content you get the following advantagesTheyre faster and cleaner than CGI scriptsThey use a standard API (the Servlets API)They provide all the advantages of Java (run on a variety of servers without needing to be rewritten)There are many features of Servlets that make them easy and attractive to use.Easily configured using the GUI-based Admin toolCan be loaded and invoked from a topical anesthetic disk or remotely across the network.Can be linked together, or chained, so that one Servlets can call another Servlets, or several(prenominal) Servlets in sequence. Can be called dynamically from within HTML pages, using server-side include tags.Are secure even when downloading across the network, the Servlets security model and Servlets sandbox protect your system from unfriendly behavior.Advantages of the Servlet APIOne of the great advantages of the Servlet API is protocol independence. It assumes nothing aboutThe protocol being used to transmit on the netHow it is loadedThe server environment it will be running inFeatures of ServletsServlets are persistent. Servlet are loaded only by the web server and can have services between requests.Servlets are fast. Since Servlets only need to be loaded once, they offer much better performance over their CGI counterparts.Servlets are platform independent.Servlets are extensible. Java is a robust, object-oriented programming language, which easily can be extended to suit your needsInvoking ServletsA Servlet invoker is a Servlet that invokes the service method on a named Servlet. If the Servlet is no t loaded in the server, then the invoker first loads the Servlet (either from local disk or from the network) and the then invokes the service method. Also like applets, local Servlets in the server can be identified by just the class name. In other words, if a Servlet name is not absolute, it is treated as local.A client can invoke Servlets in the following waysThe client can ask for a document that is served by the Servlet.The client (browser) can invoke the Servlet airly using a URL, once it has been mapped using the Servlet Aliases section of the admin GUI.The Servlet can be invoked through server side include tags.The Servlet can be invoked by placing it in the Servlets/ directory.The Servlet can be invoked by using it in a filter chain.Java Database ConnectivityWhat Is JDBC?JDBC is a Java API for executing SQL statements. (As a point of interest, JDBC is a trademarked name and is not an acronym nevertheless, JDBC is often thought of as standing for Java Database Connectivity. It consists of a set of classes and interfaces written in the Java programming language. JDBC provides a standard API for tool/database developers and makes it possible to write database applications using a consummate(a) Java API.Using JDBC, it is easy to send SQL statements to virtually any relational database. One can write a single program using the JDBC API, and the program will be able to send SQL statements to the appropriate database. The combinations of Java and JDBC lets a programmer write it once and run it anywhere.What Does JDBC Do?Simply put, JDBC makes it possible to do three thingsEstablish a connection with a databaseSend SQL statementsProcess the results.JDBC versus ODBC and other APIsAt this point, Microsofts ODBC (Open Database Connectivity) API is that probably the most widely used programming interface for accessing relational databases. It offers the ability to connect to most all databases on almost all platforms.So why not just use ODBC from Java? The ans wer is that you can use ODBC from Java, but this is best done with the help of JDBC in the form of the JDBC-ODBC Bridge, which we will cover shortly. The question now becomes Why do you need JDBC? There are several answers to this questionODBC is not appropriate for direct use from Java because it uses a C interface. Calls from Java to native C code have a number of drawbacks in the security, implementation, robustness, and automatic portability of applications.A oral translation of the ODBC C API into a Java API would not be desirable. For example, Java has no pointers, and ODBC makes copious use of them, including the notoriously error-prone generic pointer repress *. You can think of JDBC as ODBC translated into an object-oriented interface that is natural for Java programmers.ODBC is hard to learn. It mixes simple and advanced features together, and it has complex options even for simple queries. JDBC, on the other hand, was designed to keep simple things simple while allowing more advanced capabilities where required.A Java API like JDBC is needed in order to enable a pure Java solution. When ODBC is used, the ODBC driver manager and drivers must be manually installed on every client machine. When the JDBC driver is written completely in Java, however, JDBC code is mechanically installable, portable, and secure on all Java platforms from network computers to mainframes.Two- stratum and three-tier ModelsThe JDBC API supports both two-tier and three-tier models for database access.In the two-tier model, a Java applet or application talks directly to the database. This requires a JDBC driver that can communicate with the particular database management system being accessed. A users SQL statements are delivered to the database, and the results of those statements are sent back to the user. The database may be located on another machine to which the user is connected via a network. This is referred to as a client/server configuration, with the users machine as the client, and the machine housing the database as the server. The network can be an Intranet, which, for example, connects employees within a corporation, or it can be the Internet.JAVAApplicationJDBCDBMSClient machineDBMS-proprietary protocolDatabase serverJava applet orHtml browserApplicationServer (Java)JDBCDBMSClient machine (GUI)HTTP, RMI, or CORBA callsServer machine (business Logic)DBMS-proprietary protocolDatabase serverIn the three-tier model, commands are sent to a warmness tier of services, which then send SQL statements to the database. The database processes the SQL statements and sends the results back to the middle tier, which then sends them to the user. MIS directors find the three-tier model very attractive because the middle tier makes it possible to maintain control over access and the kinds of updates that can be made to corporate data. Another advantage is that when there is a middle tier, the user can employ an easy-to-use higher-level API which is tran slated by the middle tier into the appropriate low-level calls. Finally, in many cases the three-tier architecture can provide performance advantages.Until now the middle tier has typically been written in languages such as C or C++, which offer fast performance. However, with the introduction of optimizing compilers that translate Java byte code into efficient machine-specific code, it is becoming practical to implement the middle tier in Java. This is a big gain, making it possible to take advantage of Javas robustness, multithreading, and security features. JDBC is important to allow database access from a Java middle tier.JDBC Driver TypesThe JDBC drivers that we are aware of at this time fit into one of four categoriesJDBC-ODBC bridge plus ODBC driverNative-API partly-Java driverJDBC-Net pure Java driverNative-protocol pure Java driver